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1. Yara is studying the role of international cooperation in solving environmental problems. She knows that the Paris Agreement is a global effort. What is the main goal of the Paris Agreement?

A To eliminate all greenhouse gases
B To limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels
C To stop all industrial activity
D To reduce population

2. Oliver is learning about the uses of transition metals. He knows that some transition metals are used as catalysts in industrial processes. Which of the following is often used as a catalyst?

A Sodium
B Iron
C Chlorine
D Helium

3. Samir is learning about strategies to reduce environmental problems. He understands that reforestation is important. What is reforestation?

A Cutting down trees
B Planting trees in areas where forests have been destroyed
C Burning forests
D Using timber

4. Victor is analyzing data from an experiment. He finds that the data follows a normal distribution. What does this imply about the data?

A The data is skewed
B The data is symmetrical and most values cluster around the mean
C The data is invalid
D The data is not reliable

5. Bonding between atoms determines:

A Atomic number
B Color only
C Properties of substances
D Neutron number

6. The sharing of one pair of electrons forms a:

A Double bond
B Triple bond
C Single bond
D Ionic bond

7. Which periodic trend explains reactivity of metals?

A Atomic radius
B Ionization energy
C Electronegativity
D Electron affinity

8. Mohamed is learning about straight chain and branched chain compounds. He knows that straight chain compounds have no branches. Which of the following is a straight chain compound?

A Isobutane
B Isopentane
C n-Pentane
D Neopentane

9. Julia is determining the oxidation number of an atom in a compound. She wants to find the oxidation state of sulfur in H2SO4. Given that H is +1 and O is -2, what is the oxidation state of S?

A +2
B +4
C +6
D -2

10. Which group elements are soft and highly reactive?

A Noble gases
B Alkali metals
C Halogens
D Transition metals

11. Graphite is an allotrope of:

A Iron
B Sulfur
C Carbon
D Oxygen

12. David is measuring the volume of a liquid. He reads the volume at eye level to avoid parallax error. What is parallax error?

A An error due to incorrect calibration
B An error due to reading the measurement from an angle
C An error due to temperature changes
D An error due to using wrong units

13. Yara is learning about the definition of chemistry. She reads that chemistry is also called the 'central science' because it connects physics with other natural sciences. Which of the following best supports this statement?

A Chemistry is only about mixing chemicals
B Chemistry overlaps with biology, physics, and earth sciences
C Chemistry is a branch of mathematics
D Chemistry is the study of living things only

14. Chloe is learning about the dehydrogenation of alkenes. She knows that alkenes can be converted to alkanes by adding hydrogen. What is this reaction called?

A Oxidation
B Hydrogenation
C Halogenation
D Combustion

15. Which carbohydrate is stored in animals?

A Starch
B Cellulose
C Glycogen
D Sucrose

16. Bilal is writing the molecular formula for glucose. He knows that the empirical formula is CH2O and the molar mass is 180 g/mol. What is the molecular formula?

A C3H6O3
B C4H8O4
C C5H10O5
D C6H12O6

17. Diana is learning about the components of food. She understands that food provides essential nutrients. Which of the following is a micronutrient?

A Carbohydrates
B Proteins
C Vitamins
D Lipids

18. Yusuf is studying ways to deal with water pollution. He knows that proper waste disposal is important. What is a proper way to dispose of household chemicals?

A Pouring them down the drain
B Dumping them in the trash without care
C Taking them to a hazardous waste disposal facility
D Burning them

19. Emma is learning about strong and weak acids. She knows that strong acids completely ionize in water, while weak acids partially ionize. Which of the following is a strong acid?

A CH3COOH
B H2CO3
C HCl
D H2S

20. Ibrahim is studying the effects of fertilizers on water quality. He knows that nitrates from fertilizers can enter water bodies. What is a disadvantage of nitrates in water?

A They promote plant growth in water
B They can cause eutrophication and harm aquatic life
C They make water safe to drink
D They remove toxins from water

21. The vertical axis of a graph usually represents:

A Independent variable
B Constant
C Dependent variable
D Title

22. Which molecule contains a triple bond?

A O2
B H2
C N2
D CO2

23. Which reaction needs continuous energy supply?

A Exothermic
B Endothermic
C Neutral
D Fast reaction

24. Sam is studying thermochemical reactions. He knows that thermochemical equations include the enthalpy change. Which of the following is a thermochemical equation?

A 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
B 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O + 572 kJ
C H2 + O2 → H2O
D H2 + 1/2O2 → H2O

25. Uma is conducting an experiment to determine the concentration of an acid. She performs a titration. What is the role of the indicator in a titration?

A To change the pH of the solution
B To indicate the endpoint of the titration
C To react with the acid
D To increase the volume of the solution

26. Which field uses chemistry to make medicines?

A Environmental chemistry
B Industrial chemistry
C Medicinal chemistry
D Physical chemistry

27. Julia is studying the properties of acids. She knows that acids turn blue litmus paper red. What color does hydrochloric acid turn blue litmus paper?

A Blue
B Red
C Green
D Yellow

28. Waleed is studying industrial uses of metals. He learns that copper is used in electrical wiring. Why is copper suitable for this purpose?

A Because it is very strong
B Because it is a good conductor of electricity and is ductile
C Because it is very cheap
D Because it is chemically very reactive

29. Which disease is NOT water-borne?

A Cholera
B Typhoid
C Dysentery
D Influenza

30. Nora is studying the properties of alkanes. She knows that alkanes are generally unreactive but undergo combustion and halogenation. What type of reaction is halogenation?

A Addition reaction
B Substitution reaction
C Elimination reaction
D Rearrangement reaction

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