1. Bilal is studying the energy changes in a reaction. He knows that the activation energy is the minimum energy required to start a reaction. How does increasing the temperature affect the reaction rate?
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2. Tina is contrasting ionic and covalent compounds. She learns that ionic compounds have high melting points while covalent compounds have lower melting points. Why do covalent compounds typically have lower melting points?
3. Rachel is calculating the number of moles in 18 grams of water. The molar mass of water is 18 g/mol. How many moles does she have?
4. Atoms become stable by completing their:
5. Laura is studying the prevention of corrosion. She learns that painting is a common method. Which of the following is an advantage of using paint for corrosion prevention?
6. Which molecule contains a triple bond?
7. Which reaction is used in hand warmers?
8. Usman is learning about oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer. He knows that in a redox reaction, one substance is oxidized and another is reduced. In the reaction: 2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl, which substance is oxidized?
9. Reduction is defined as:
10. A double bond involves sharing of how many electrons?
11. How many moles are present in 22 g of CO2?
12. Fatima is studying endothermic reactions. She knows that photosynthesis is an endothermic process. What happens to the enthalpy (ΔH) in an endothermic reaction?
13. Tina is balancing the equation: Fe + O2 → Fe2O3. She starts with 4 Fe atoms and 3 O2 molecules. What is the balanced equation?
14. Bilal is writing the molecular formula for glucose. He knows that the empirical formula is CH2O and the molar mass is 180 g/mol. What is the molecular formula?
15. Energy released during bond formation is:
16. Nadia is studying the conduction of electricity through acids. She learns that acids conduct electricity when dissolved in water. What is the reason for this conduction?
17. Which is an example of intermolecular force?
18. Avogadro’s number is:
19. Zayn is learning about the structure and properties of metals. He understands that metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. What is the reason for these properties?
20. Which energy change is shown by ΔH < 0?
21. Ibrahim is learning about the condition of electricity in ionic compounds. He knows that ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in solid form. Why is this?
22. Limiting reagent determines the:
23. Bilal has determined the empirical formula of a compound as CH2O and its molar mass is 180 g/mol. He wants to find the actual molecular formula. What is the molecular formula of this compound?
24. Uma is studying the enthalpy of formation. She knows that the enthalpy of formation of a compound is the heat change when one mole of compound is formed from its elements. What is the enthalpy of formation of elements in their standard state?
25. Ming has 0.5 moles of water (H2O). He wants to calculate the mass of water. The molar mass of water is 18 g/mol. What is the mass?
26. Which compound is most likely to be polar?
27. Rania is studying cathodic protection. She learns that cathodic protection involves making the metal the cathode to prevent corrosion. Which of the following uses cathodic protection?
28. George is studying respiration. He knows that aerobic respiration is more efficient than anaerobic respiration. How many ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule in aerobic respiration?
29. Tina is learning about redox reactions in photography. She understands that the developer reduces silver halide to silver. What is the role of the developer in the photographic process?
30. An electrochemical cell converts: