2 Who is known as the father of the computer? A Alan Turing B Charles Babbage C John von Neumann D Bill Gates
4 A system is best defined as: A A random collection of parts B A set of unrelated elements C A group of interrelated components D Only computer hardware
5 Which of the following is a natural system? A Computer B Traffic system C Solar system D Banking system
9 Von Neumann architecture is based on the concept of: A Separate memory for data and instructions B No memory usage C Single memory for data and instructions D Cloud storage
10 Which component is NOT part of Von Neumann architecture? A ALU B Control Unit C Secondary Storage D Memory Unit
18 Software engineering mainly deals with: A Designing hardware B Developing software C Repairing computers D Network cabling
19 Hardware engineering focuses on: A Programming B System analysis C Physical components D Database design
20 Which of the following is system software? A MS Word B Operating System C Web Browser D Spreadsheet
21 Which software is used to perform specific tasks? A System software B Utility software C Application software D Firmware
23 Data communication refers to: A Processing data B Storing data C Transferring data D Deleting data
24 Which component is essential for data communication? A Sender B Receiver C Transmission medium D All of these
29 Which bus controls timing and control signals? A Data bus B Address bus C Control bus D Expansion bus
30 Which software manages hardware resources? A Application software B System software C Utility software D Firmware
34 Which software helps in system maintenance? A Application software B Utility software C System software D Programming software
35 Which of the following is an example of data? A Processed report B Raw facts C Summary D Conclusion
36 Which component sends data from CPU to memory? A Data bus B Control bus C Address bus D Expansion slot
38 Which component is required at both ends of data communication? A Sender and receiver B CPU and RAM C Modem only D Hard disk
41 Which software is required to run a computer? A Application software B Utility software C Operating system D Antivirus
42 Which element is NOT part of data communication? A Sender B Receiver C Printer D Transmission medium
44 What is a problem in computational thinking? A A computer virus B A situation that needs a solution C A programming language D A hardware device
45 Which of the following best defines a computing problem? A A problem solved without steps B A problem that can be solved using a computer C A problem related only to mathematics D A problem with no solution
46 Problem solving mainly involves: A Guessing answers B Following random steps C Finding a systematic solution D Avoiding the problem
47 Which is the first step in problem solving? A Testing the solution B Understanding the problem C Writing code D Drawing charts
48 The I-P-O model stands for: A Input-Process-Output B Insert-Print-Output C Input-Program-Order D Instruction-Process-Operation
50 Processing in the I-P-O model means: A Displaying results B Storing data C Manipulating input data D Entering data
52 An I-P-O chart is used to: A Store data B Design hardware C Represent problem solution steps D Write programs only
54 Computational thinking mainly focuses on: A Using computers only B Thinking like a computer scientist C Learning programming languages D Using hardware devices
55 Which of the following is a key idea of computational thinking? A Speed B Accuracy C Decomposition D Storage
56 Decomposition means: A Ignoring the problem B Breaking a problem into smaller parts C Solving problems randomly D Combining all problems
57 Pattern recognition helps in: A Writing code faster B Identifying similarities in problems C Increasing memory D Storing data
58 Abstraction in computational thinking means: A Focusing on unnecessary details B Ignoring important details C Focusing on important details only D Avoiding problem solving
59 An algorithm is: A A programming language B A set of step-by-step instructions C A computer device D An output
61 Which of the following is NOT a principle of computational thinking? A Decomposition B Pattern recognition C Abstraction D Compilation
62 Identifying a computing problem requires: A Understanding inputs and outputs B Writing code first C Ignoring requirements D Testing solutions
63 Which of the following best represents input? A Processed data B User-entered values C Final result D Printed report
65 An I-P-O chart is mainly useful during: A Execution stage B Problem analysis stage C Hardware installation D Data storage
68 Pseudocode is: A A programming language B A hardware tool C An informal way to write algorithms D An output device
69 Which of the following is easier to understand for beginners? A Machine code B Pseudocode C Binary code D Assembly language
71 Computational thinking can be applied: A Only in computers B Only in programming C In daily life problems D Only in mathematics
72 Which is an example of decomposition? A Solving the whole problem at once B Breaking a task into smaller tasks C Ignoring difficult parts D Repeating the same step
73 Pattern recognition helps programmers to: A Avoid errors B Find reusable solutions C Increase memory D Improve hardware
75 Which of the following best defines an algorithm? A A random solution B A clear and finite set of steps C An input device D A software error
78 In problem solving, identifying inputs is important because: A They are outputs B They affect processing C They are optional D They slow the system
79 Which of the following is NOT an input? A Marks entered by user B Numbers typed C Final result D Student age
80 The main goal of problem solving is to: A Write long programs B Find an efficient solution C Use complex logic D Avoid errors only
82 Computational thinking encourages: A Trial and error only B Logical and structured thinking C Memorization D Hardware usage
85 Which thinking skill helps ignore unnecessary details? A Decomposition B Abstraction C Pattern recognition D Algorithm design
87 Why is identifying a problem important? A To skip solution design B To understand what needs to be solved C To write code quickly D To avoid testing
88 Which of the following best describes computational thinking? A Using a computer B Solving problems step by step logically C Learning programming syntax D Storing data
89 What is programming? A Designing pictures B Writing instructions for a computer C Using the internet D Typing documents
91 HTML stands for: A High Text Markup Language B Hyper Text Markup Language C Hyper Tool Mark Language D Home Text Markup Language
95 What is the main purpose of CSS? A To create databases B To style web pages C To write logic D To connect servers
96 CSS stands for: A Creative Style Sheets B Cascading Style Sheets C Computer Style Sheets D Colorful Style Sheets
97 Which CSS property is used to change text color? A font-style B background-color C color D text-align
101 JavaScript is mainly used for: A Styling pages B Database management C Making web pages dynamic D Creating hardware
104 Which function is used to display a message box in JavaScript? A message() B alert() C display() D show()
105 What is debugging? A Writing code B Removing errors from code C Running a program D Saving a file
107 Which error occurs due to wrong program logic? A Syntax error B Logical error C Runtime error D System error
108 Which error is caused by incorrect grammar of code? A Logical error B Runtime error C Syntax error D Network error
109 What is a dynamic website? A Website with fixed content B Website that never changes C Website that responds to user actions D Website without design
110 Which combination is used to create a dynamic website? A HTML only B HTML and CSS C HTML, CSS, and JavaScript D CSS only
115 Which CSS property is used to change background color? A color B background-color C bgcolor D style
121 Which error appears while a program is running? A Syntax error B Logical error C Runtime error D Typing error
131 Which website updates content without reloading the page? A Static website B Offline website C Dynamic website D Local website
132 What is data? A Processed information B Raw facts and figures C Computer program D Output of analysis
133 Which term refers to converting data into useful information? A Data entry B Data storage C Data analysis D Data deletion
134 Which of the following is an example of data? A A conclusion B A report C Student marks D Decision
135 What is the main purpose of data analysis? A To delete data B To organize information C To extract useful patterns D To store data
137 What do we call data represented in numbers? A Qualitative data B Quantitative data C Descriptive data D Unstructured data
138 Which data type describes qualities like color or name? A Quantitative B Numerical C Qualitative D Binary
141 What type of data is stored in tables with rows and columns? A Unstructured data B Structured data C Semi-structured data D Random data
145 Which of the following is an example of semi-structured data? A Relational database B Plain text C XML file D Image file
146 What does Big Data refer to? A Small datasets B Traditional files C Very large and complex datasets D Paper records
148 What does Volume in Big Data mean? A Speed of data B Type of data C Amount of data D Accuracy of data
149 What does Velocity in Big Data describe? A Size of data B Speed of data generation C Type of data D Storage method
151 Which is a common source of Big Data? A Typewriters B Social media C Handwritten notes D Printed books
152 Which technology is commonly used to handle Big Data? A Calculator B Spreadsheet only C Big Data tools D Notebook
153 Why is Big Data important? A It wastes time B It increases paperwork C It helps in better decision making D It deletes information
155 Which of the following is an example of Big Data? A Daily attendance sheet B Student notebook C Global social media posts D Single exam result
156 What is data analysis used for in education? A Decorating classrooms B Analyzing student performance C Writing novels D Drawing charts only
157 Which of the following best describes information? A Unprocessed data B Meaningless facts C Processed and organized data D Random numbers
160 Which tool is commonly used for data analysis at basic level? A Paint B Calculator C Spreadsheet D Browser
161 What is the role of data in decision making? A No role B Creates confusion C Provides evidence D Deletes choices
162 Which of the following best defines Big Data? A Small files B Large and fast-growing data C Paper records D Personal diary
168 Which example shows data analysis? A Collecting marks B Storing files C Finding average marks D Writing notes
170 Why is unstructured data difficult to analyze? A It is small B It lacks fixed format C It is numeric D It is accurate
171 Which of the following is an example of Big Data velocity? A Stored files B Archived records C Live streaming data D Old documents
172 Which concept helps in understanding trends? A Data analysis B Data deletion C Data entry D Data backup
173 Which subject mainly studies data and analysis? A Chemistry B Biology C Computer Science D Geography
174 Which of the following is the best example of qualitative data? A Marks obtained B Student height C Student name D Age
175 What is the first step in data analysis? A Decision making B Data collection C Data deletion D Reporting
176 What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? A Programming computers only for games B Making machines think and act like humans C Storing data on the internet D Designing websites
177 Which of the following best describes Machine Learning? A Learning by humans from books B Machines improving performance using data C Manual programming only D Storing files in cloud
178 Machine Learning is a subset of which field? A Cloud Computing B Computer Networks C Artificial Intelligence D Database Systems
179 Which task is suitable for AI systems? A Thinking emotionally B Recognizing patterns in data C Eating food D Sleeping
181 Which area of AI deals with understanding human language? A Robotics B Computer Vision C Natural Language Processing D Expert Systems
182 Computer Vision is mainly used for: A Image and video recognition B Sound detection C Text editing D Data storage
183 Which AI area focuses on making decisions like a human expert? A Robotics B Expert Systems C Machine Translation D Cloud Storage
184 Robotics is an area of AI that deals with: A Software only B Designing smart machines C Internet services D Data encryption
185 Which of the following is NOT an area of AI? A Robotics B Expert Systems C Cloud Computing D Natural Language Processing
186 AI is widely used in healthcare for: A Cooking food B Medical diagnosis C Driving cars only D Teaching manually
187 Which application of AI is used in banks? A Fraud detection B Water supply C Farming tools D Road construction
188 Self-driving cars are an example of: A Manual systems B AI application C Database system D Cloud storage
189 AI used in education helps in: A Automatic grading B Building schools C Printing books D Making desks
190 Which AI application is used in smartphones? A Face recognition B Keyboard manufacturing C Battery charging D Screen display
191 Cloud Computing mainly provides: A Hardware only B Internet-based computing services C Offline storage D Manual data entry
192 Which of the following is a cloud service example? A Google Drive B USB Flash Drive C Hard Disk D DVD
193 Cloud Computing allows users to access data: A Only at home B Without internet C From anywhere via internet D Only in offices
194 Which is a major advantage of cloud computing? A High cost B Limited access C Scalability D Data loss
198 Which of the following is a risk of cloud computing? A Data security issues B Fast access C Easy sharing D Low cost
199 AI systems learn patterns using: A Manual input only B Random guessing C Training data D Electric power
200 Which AI area helps in chatbots? A Robotics B Natural Language Processing C Computer Vision D Cloud Storage
201 AI used in games mainly helps in: A Sound effects B Intelligent opponents C Graphics design D Hardware design
202 Which technology allows AI applications to store large data? A Cloud Computing B Robotics C Operating System D Compiler
203 Which field combines AI with physical machines? A Expert Systems B Robotics C NLP D Cloud Computing
205 Which AI application is used in recommendation systems? A Weather forecasting B Online shopping suggestions C Printing D Typing documents
206 Cloud services are mostly provided on: A Local servers B Personal computers C Remote servers D USB devices
207 Which AI application is used in traffic control? A Image editing B Smart traffic lights C Word processing D Email services
208 AI helps businesses mainly by: A Increasing paperwork B Improving decision making C Reducing computers D Stopping automation
209 Which of the following uses cloud computing? A Online email services B Typewriter C Calculator D Notebook
212 Machine learning models improve through: A Experience and data B Manual typing C Hardware change D Power supply
213 Which cloud deployment model is used by a single organization? A Public cloud B Private cloud C Hybrid cloud D Community cloud
214 AI that can learn from past mistakes is based on: A Random logic B Machine learning C Cloud storage D Manual rules
215 Which cloud model combines public and private clouds? A Public cloud B Private cloud C Hybrid cloud D Local cloud
216 AI is useful in weather forecasting because it can: A Change weather B Analyze large data sets C Control clouds D Stop rain
218 Cloud computing supports AI by providing: A Manual labor B Large storage and processing power C Paper records D Offline access
219 Which technology allows AI services to scale easily? A Cloud Computing B Robotics C Operating System D Text Editor
220 Which practice helps ensure safe and responsible use of a computer? A Sharing passwords with friends B Using strong passwords C Disabling antivirus software D Downloading unknown files
221 Which action is considered unethical computer use? A Using licensed software B Respecting privacy C Copying software illegally D Logging out after use
222 What is the responsible way to handle computer hardware? A Rough handling of devices B Eating near the keyboard C Proper shutdown of system D Removing internal parts
223 Which software practice is responsible? A Using pirated software B Ignoring updates C Installing antivirus software D Disabling firewall
224 Which platform requires safe usage to protect personal data? A Offline notebook B Digital platforms C Printed books D Whiteboard
225 What is a safe practice while using social media? A Sharing personal information publicly B Accepting unknown friend requests C Using privacy settings D Posting passwords
226 Which law protects computer users’ personal data? A Traffic law B Cyber law C Criminal law D Labor law
227 What does intellectual property law protect? A Hardware devices B Internet speed C Creative digital work D Computer viruses
228 Which is an example of computing innovation? A Typewriter B Artificial Intelligence C Abacus D Paper files
229 What is the main purpose of computing innovation? A Increase problems B Reduce efficiency C Solve real-world problems D Limit technology use
231 What is malware designed to do? A Improve performance B Protect data C Harm computer systems D Update software
233 Information privacy refers to: A Sharing all data B Protecting personal data C Deleting files D Printing documents
234 System security is mainly concerned with: A Speed of computer B Protecting systems from threats C Screen resolution D Typing skills
236 What is a trade-off in computing? A No compromise B Balancing two factors C Ignoring usability D Removing security
237 Which is an example of disinformation? A Verified news B Official reports C False information shared deliberately D Textbooks
239 Which skill helps identify fake news? A Blind trust B Critical thinking C Guessing D Copying others
240 Social networking allows users to: A Disconnect globally B Communicate and share content C Destroy data D Avoid interaction
241 Which is a popular social networking activity? A Installing OS B Sharing posts C Formatting disk D Compiling code
242 What is a risk of social networking? A Learning skills B Privacy issues C Communication D Collaboration
243 Which approach studies positive and negative effects of computing? A Hardware approach B Computing effects approach C Storage approach D Programming approach
244 Economic effects of computing include: A Job creation B Power failure C Noise pollution D Weather change
245 Social effects of computing mainly impact: A Weather B Human interaction C Electric current D Machine speed
246 What does copyright protect? A Ideas only B Physical devices C Original creative work D Internet cables
249 Which key term refers to legal rights of creators? A Firewall B Intellectual property C Bandwidth D Protocol
250 Which action violates intellectual property rights? A Buying licensed software B Citing sources C Copying content without permission D Creating original work
251 Which is a preventive measure against malware? A Opening unknown links B Using antivirus software C Ignoring updates D Disabling security
252 Keyloggers are used to: A Improve typing speed B Record keystrokes secretly C Delete files D Update software
253 Which balance is important in system design? A Speed only B Security only C Privacy, security, and usability D Cost only
254 Why are software updates important? A They reduce security B They add malware C They fix security issues D They slow the system
255 Which behavior promotes responsible digital citizenship? A Cyberbullying B Spreading fake news C Respecting others online D Hacking accounts
257 Encryption is used to: A Delete data B Hide data from unauthorized users C Increase file size D Format disk
258 Which practice improves online safety? A Using same password everywhere B Ignoring privacy policies C Two-factor authentication D Sharing login details
259 Which is a negative effect of computing? A Easy communication B Cyber addiction C Online learning D Digital storage
260 Which platform feature helps control data visibility? A Like button B Privacy settings C Share option D Comment box
261 What should be done before installing new software? A Disable antivirus B Check software authenticity C Ignore license D Turn off firewall
262 Which term refers to respecting others in digital space? A Netiquette B Malware C Piracy D Hacking
263 What is the main goal of cyber laws? A Slow internet B Protect users and data C Promote hacking D Limit technology
264 Which computing effect improves education? A Online learning platforms B Virus attacks C Fake news D Data theft
265 Which action helps reduce fake news impact? A Sharing without checking B Verifying information sources C Ignoring facts D Spreading rumors
266 Who is an entrepreneur? A A person who works for salary B A person who runs his own business C A government officer D A teacher
267 What does the term 'own boss' mean? A Working under a manager B Following office rules C Making your own business decisions D Getting fixed salary
268 Which quality is most important for an entrepreneur? A Fear of failure B Creativity C Laziness D Dependence on others
269 What is self-employment? A Working in a factory B Running your own business C Doing homework D Studying in school
270 An entrepreneur mainly takes which type of risk? A Health risk B Financial risk C Sports risk D Travel risk
271 Which is an advantage of being your own boss? A Fixed working hours B No responsibility C Freedom to make decisions D No effort needed
272 Which skill helps an entrepreneur to succeed? A Poor planning B Decision making C Avoiding work D Ignoring customers
274 What is cost of production? A Profit of business B Money spent to produce goods C Selling price D Business name
275 Which of the following is a fixed cost? A Raw material B Electricity bill C Rent of building D Packaging cost
276 Which cost changes with production level? A Fixed cost B Variable cost C Initial cost D Permanent cost
278 Which cost remains the same even if production stops? A Variable cost B Selling cost C Fixed cost D Material cost
280 Which of the following is part of production cost? A Profit B Advertisement idea C Machinery cost D Business name
281 Why is calculating cost of production important? A To close business B To fix selling price C To stop production D To avoid customers
282 Which cost includes electricity and water bills? A Raw cost B Utility cost C Marketing cost D Profit cost
283 Business plan is a? A Story book B Written document of business ideas C Computer program D Advertisement poster
284 Why is a business plan prepared? A For fun B To guide business activities C To waste time D To close business
285 Which section explains business goals? A Financial plan B Marketing plan C Objectives D Cost section
286 Which part of business plan deals with money matters? A Objectives B Financial plan C Introduction D Summary
288 Which plan shows how products will be sold? A Production plan B Marketing plan C Financial plan D Risk plan
290 Which skill is needed to devise a business plan? A Planning B Sleeping C Avoiding work D Complaining
293 Which of the following is NOT an entrepreneur? A Shop owner B Factory owner C Businessman D Office peon
294 Entrepreneurship helps economy by? A Increasing unemployment B Creating jobs C Closing factories D Reducing skills
295 Which factor affects cost of production most? A Weather B Raw material price C Color of product D Business name
299 Which is an example of small business? A Local shop B International bank C Multinational company D Government office
301 Which plan estimates profit and loss? A Marketing plan B Production plan C Financial plan D Risk plan
302 Who benefits from a business plan? A Only customers B Only workers C Entrepreneur and investors D Only teachers
304 Entrepreneurship encourages students to? A Rely only on jobs B Become job creators C Avoid business D Stop learning
305 Which document shows future business direction? A Textbook B Business plan C Story book D Newspaper
306 Which technology was the hallmark of the first generation of computers, used from 1940 to 1956? A Integrated Circuits B Vacuum Tubes C Transistors D Microprocessors
307 Which component of the computer system is often referred to as the 'brain' of the computer? A RAM B Motherboard C CPU (Central Processing Unit) D Hard Disk Drive
308 Which of the following is an example of an operating system, which is a type of system software? A Microsoft Word B Google Chrome C Adobe Photoshop D Microsoft Windows
309 Which type of computer memory is volatile, meaning its contents are erased when the computer is powered off? A RAM (Random Access Memory) B ROM (Read-Only Memory) C SSD (Solid State Drive) D Flash Memory
310 According to the Von Neumann architecture, a computer consists of a CPU, a memory unit, and I/O devices. Where are both program instructions and data stored? A In separate memories B In a single, shared memory C Only within the CPU registers D On the input/output devices
311 In which mode of data transmission can data flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time? A Simplex B Full-duplex C Half-duplex D Multiplex
312 Which device is used to convert digital signals from a computer to analog signals for transmission over telephone lines and vice-versa? A Router B Switch C Hub D Modem
313 In the computer memory hierarchy, which memory is the fastest and has the smallest storage capacity? A CPU Registers B Cache Memory C Main Memory (RAM) D Secondary Storage (HDD/SSD)
314 The discipline that applies principles of engineering to the design, development, maintenance, testing, and evaluation of software is known as: A Hardware Engineering B Computer Architecture C Software Engineering D Network Administration
315 Which bus in a computer system is responsible for transferring the actual data between the processor, memory, and peripherals? A Address Bus B Data Bus C Control Bus D Expansion Bus
316 The invention of the Integrated Circuit (IC) led to the development of which generation of computers? A First Generation B Second Generation C Fourth Generation D Third Generation
317 Which of the following is primarily an input device used to enter text and commands into a computer? A Keyboard B Monitor C Printer D Speaker
318 Which of the following electronic components characterized the first generation of computers? A Vacuum Tubes B Transistors C Integrated Circuits D Microprocessors
319 Which type of memory is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the computer is powered off? A ROM (Read-Only Memory) B RAM (Random Access Memory) C Flash Memory D Hard Disk Drive
320 Which part of the CPU is responsible for executing instructions and performing arithmetic and logical operations? A Control Unit (CU) B Registers C Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) D Cache Memory
321 The core idea of the Von Neumann architecture is the concept of a: A Multi-core processor B Graphical User Interface C Networked System D Stored-program computer
322 In a data communication system, the device that sends the data message is known as the: A Sender B Receiver C Medium D Protocol
323 A system that interacts with its external environment is known as a(n): A Closed System B Open System C Static System D Isolated System
324 Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux are prominent examples of which type of software? A Application Software B Utility Software C Operating System Software D Programming Software
325 A web browser, a word processor, and a video game are all examples of: A System Software B Firmware C Device Drivers D Application Software
326 Which bus is used by the CPU to transfer actual data to and from the main memory? A Data Bus B Address Bus C Control Bus D Expansion Bus
327 Which type of high-speed memory is located directly on the CPU or between the CPU and RAM? A Secondary Memory B Cache Memory C Virtual Memory D Read-Only Memory
328 The field concerned with the design, creation, and maintenance of the physical components of a computer is called: A Software Engineering B System Analysis C Hardware Engineering D Network Administration
329 In the hierarchy of computer memory, which of the following is the slowest but has the largest capacity? A CPU Registers B Cache Memory C Main Memory (RAM) D Secondary Storage (HDD/SSD)
330 Which of the following is considered the first general-purpose electronic digital computer? A ENIAC B UNIVAC C MARK-I D ABC
331 Which component of the CPU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations? A Control Unit (CU) B Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) C Memory Unit (MU) D Registers
332 Which type of memory is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off? A ROM B SSD C RAM D Flash Memory
333 Which of the following is an example of system software? A Microsoft Word B Adobe Photoshop C A video game D Windows Operating System
334 A set of parallel electrical wires used to transfer data between different components of a computer is called a: A Bus B Port C Cable D Socket
335 A key feature of the Von Neumann architecture is that: A It has separate memory for instructions and data. B It cannot be programmed electronically. C It uses a single storage structure to hold both instructions and data. D It uses vacuum tubes exclusively for processing.
336 What is the first step in problem-solving? A Designing a solution B Identifying the problem C Testing the solution D Implementing the solution
337 In the Input-Processing-Output (I-P-O) model, what does 'Processing' refer to? A The data given to the computer. B The final result displayed to the user. C The actions or operations performed on the data. D The device used to enter data.
338 Which principle of computational thinking involves breaking down a complex problem into smaller, more manageable parts? A Abstraction B Pattern Recognition C Decomposition D Algorithm Design
339 An I-P-O chart is a tool used for: A Writing computer code directly. B Designing the user interface. C Drawing hardware diagrams. D Planning the inputs, processing steps, and outputs of a program.
340 Focusing on the essential details while ignoring irrelevant information is known as: A Abstraction B Decomposition C Pattern Recognition D Algorithm
341 Which of the following is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem? A A flowchart B An algorithm C A pseudocode D A program
342 Which of the following is an example of a computing problem? A Deciding what to eat for lunch. B Sorting a list of names alphabetically. C Tying your shoelaces. D Painting a picture.
343 Identifying similarities or common characteristics among different problems or within the same problem is called: A Decomposition B Abstraction C Algorithm Design D Pattern Recognition
344 Which of the following best describes Computational Thinking? A A problem-solving process that involves formulating problems and their solutions in a way that a computer can execute. B The process of writing code in a specific programming language like Python or C++. C The study of computer hardware and how it functions. D The ability to use software applications like Microsoft Word or Excel.
345 A graphical representation of the steps in a process or algorithm is called a: A Flowchart B Pseudocode C I-P-O Chart D Data Structure
346 After implementing a solution, what is the crucial final step to ensure it works correctly? A Defining the problem B Analyzing the problem C Testing and debugging D Documenting the process
347 Which of the following is an informal, high-level description of the operating principle of a computer program or other algorithm, using natural language? A Flowchart B Source Code C Compiler D Pseudocode
348 Which principle of computational thinking involves focusing on the essential details while ignoring irrelevant information? A Abstraction B Decomposition C Pattern Recognition D Algorithm Design
349 What is the primary purpose of the 'Input' stage in the I-P-O model? A To display the final result B To provide the necessary data and instructions for the problem C To perform calculations on the data D To store the processed information permanently
350 A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or accomplishing a task is known as a(n): A Flowchart B Pseudocode C Algorithm D I-P-O Chart
351 What is the main function of an I-P-O Chart in problem-solving? A To write the final computer program B To find patterns in large datasets C To represent the algorithm visually using symbols D To clearly define the required inputs, processing steps, and expected outputs
352 Computational thinking is a problem-solving process that is most closely associated with which field? A Computer Science B Biology C History D Art and Design
353 Which of the following describes a well-defined strategy for problem-solving? A Guessing randomly until a solution is found B Understanding the problem, planning a solution, and then executing the plan C Ignoring the problem and hoping it resolves itself D Asking someone else to solve the problem without any effort
355 Which property is used in CSS to change the background color of an element? A color B font-color C background-color D bgcolor
356 Which tag is used to embed JavaScript code within an HTML file? A <javascript> B <js> C <scripting> D <script>
358 A website that displays the same content for every user is called a: A Dynamic website B Static website C Interactive website D Responsive website
359 The process of finding and fixing errors in a program's source code is known as: A Compiling B Running C Debugging D Designing
360 Which language is primarily used for adding interactivity and client-side functionality to a web page? A JavaScript B HTML C CSS D SQL
363 In CSS, which of the following defines a class selector? A A selector starting with a hash (#) B A selector starting with a period (.) C An HTML tag name D A selector starting with an asterisk (*)
364 Which JavaScript function is commonly used to display a pop-up box with a message? A msg() B console.log() C alert() D display()
365 Which tag is used to define an unordered list (a bulleted list) in HTML? A <ol> B <li> C <list> D <ul>
366 What does HTML stand for? A Hyper Text Markup Language B High-Level Text Machine Language C Hyperlink and Text Markup Language D Home Tool Markup Language
367 In CSS, which property is used to change the text color of an element? A font-color B color C text-color D font-style
368 Which keyword is used to declare a variable in JavaScript whose value can be reassigned? A const B var C let D static
369 The process of finding and fixing errors or bugs in a program's source code is called: A Compiling B Interpreting C Executing D Debugging
371 How do you select an HTML element with the id 'header' in CSS? A .header B #header C header D *header
372 What is the correct HTML for referring to an external script called 'script.js'? A <script href='script.js'> B <script name='script.js'> C <script src='script.js'> D <javascript src='script.js'>
373 Which of the following is primarily a client-side scripting language used to make web pages interactive? A Python B PHP C SQL D JavaScript
374 Which tag is used to define the most important heading in an HTML document? A <h1> B <head> C <h6> D <heading>
375 Where in an HTML document is the correct place to refer to an external style sheet? A In the <body> section B In the <head> section C At the end of the document D In the <footer> section
377 What type of error occurs when a program runs without crashing but does not produce the expected or correct result? A Syntax Error B Runtime Error C Compile-time Error D Logical Error
378 Which HTML tag is used to define the most important heading on a webpage? A <h1> B <h6> C <head> D <p>
379 Which HTML tag is used to link an external CSS file to an HTML document? A <script> B <link> C <style> D <css>
380 What is the primary purpose of JavaScript in web development? A To define the content and structure of a web page. B To style the visual presentation of a web page. C To add interactivity and dynamic behavior to a web page. D To store data on a server.
381 What is the process of finding and fixing errors in a computer program's source code called? A Compiling B Executing C Styling D Debugging
382 Which HTML attribute is used to define inline styles in a single element? A style B class C styles D font
383 In CSS, which selector is used to style a single, unique element on a page? A Class selector (.) B Tag selector (e.g., p) C ID selector (#) D Universal selector (*)
384 What are the raw, unprocessed facts and figures collected from different sources called? A Information B Data C Knowledge D Analysis
385 The process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to discover useful information is known as: A Data Entry B Data Storage C Data Analysis D Data Collection
386 Which of the following is an example of quantitative data? A Eye color B Favorite food C Student's name D Height of a student in centimeters
387 When raw data is processed, organized, and structured in a given context, it becomes: A Information B A database C A query D A variable
388 In the context of Big Data, what does 'Volume' refer to? A The speed at which data is generated B The different types of data C The amount or size of the data D The accuracy of the data
389 Data that is descriptive and represents categories, such as gender or city names, is called: A Quantitative data B Qualitative data C Numerical data D Time-series data
390 Which of the '3Vs' of Big Data refers to the speed at which new data is generated and processed? A Volume B Variety C Veracity D Velocity
391 Data that is organized in a fixed format, typically in rows and columns like in a database table, is known as: A Structured data B Unstructured data C Semi-structured data D Raw data
392 Which of the following best describes Big Data? A Any data that is stored in a computer's memory. B Extremely large and complex data sets that cannot be easily managed with traditional tools. C Data that is only composed of numbers and text. D A small collection of files stored on a single server.
393 The term 'Variety' in Big Data refers to: A The different forms of data, such as text, images, audio, and videos. B The number of users accessing the data. C The financial value of the data. D The physical location of the data storage.
394 Which of the following is a common example of unstructured data? A A student's roll number in a list B A table of employee salaries C The content of an email message D A list of temperatures recorded daily
395 A company reviews its sales records to identify the most popular products among customers. This activity is an example of: A Data input B Data storage C Data backup D Data analysis
396 When raw data is processed, organized, and structured, it becomes: A Information B A database C Big Data D A variable
397 What is the term for raw, unorganized facts and figures? A Information B Data C Analysis D Process
398 Which of the following is an example of unstructured data? A A table in a relational database B A CSV file C A video file D An XML file
399 Data that is organized in a fixed format, such as in rows and columns of a table, is known as: A Unstructured data B Semi-structured data C Big Data D Structured data
400 The term 'Big Data' refers to data sets that are: A Too large and complex for traditional data-processing application software B Only used by large companies C Stored in a single computer D Always accurate and clean
401 Which of the '3 Vs' of Big Data refers to the different forms of data, such as text, images, and videos? A Volume B Variety C Velocity D Veracity
402 In the context of Big Data, what does 'Velocity' refer to? A The size of the dataset B The different types of data C The speed at which data is generated and processed D The accuracy of the data
403 Which data type has some organizational properties but does not fit into a rigid relational model? Examples include XML and JSON files. A Structured data B Unstructured data C Raw data D Semi-structured data
405 Which of the following is the BEST example of structured data? A An email message B An employee record in a database table C A photograph D A tweet
406 The process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to discover useful information is called: A Data Entry B Data Storage C Data Analysis D Data Deletion
407 Which characteristic of Big Data refers to the enormous size of the dataset? A Velocity B Variety C Veracity D Volume
408 Which term refers to the process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to discover useful information and support decision-making? A Data Analysis B Data Storage C Data Entry D Data Collection
409 Which of the following is a primary example of structured data? A A video file from a social media platform. B An employee's record in a database with fields like ID, Name, and Salary. C The text content of a news article. D An audio recording of a customer service call.
410 In the context of Big Data, what does the characteristic 'Variety' refer to? A The speed at which data is created and processed. B The huge quantity or amount of data. C The different forms of data, such as text, images, and videos. D The trustworthiness and quality of the data.
411 The height of students in a class, measured in centimeters, is an example of which type of data? A Qualitative data B Categorical data C Unstructured data D Quantitative data
412 Raw, unorganized facts and figures that need to be processed to become meaningful are known as: A Data B Information C Analysis D Knowledge
413 Which characteristic of Big Data deals with the uncertainty, inconsistency, and trustworthiness of data? A Volume B Velocity C Veracity D Variety
414 What is the primary goal of Artificial Intelligence (AI)? A To create machines that can think and learn like humans. B To design faster computer hardware. C To develop new programming languages. D To increase internet speed.
415 Machine Learning is a subset of AI that focuses on: A Manually programming explicit rules for every task. B Allowing systems to learn from data and improve with experience. C Building physical robots. D Securing computer networks from threats.
416 Which area of AI deals with enabling computers to understand and interpret human language? A Robotics B Computer Vision C Natural Language Processing (NLP) D Expert Systems
417 The ability of a computer to 'see' and interpret images and videos is known as: A Speech Recognition B Data Mining C Natural Language Generation D Computer Vision
418 Self-driving cars primarily use which AI technology to navigate roads and avoid obstacles? A Computer Vision and Machine Learning B Cloud Computing C Database Management D Web Development
419 Virtual assistants like Siri and Google Assistant are common applications of which AI field? A Robotics B Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Speech Recognition C Cloud Storage D Graphic Design
420 What is Cloud Computing? A Storing data on your personal computer's hard drive. B A network of local computers connected via LAN. C Delivering computing services over the internet. D A type of supercomputer.
421 Google Drive, Dropbox, and OneDrive are examples of which type of cloud service? A Platform as a Service (PaaS) B Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) C Network as a Service (NaaS) D Software as a Service (SaaS)
422 A major advantage of using cloud computing is: A Accessibility of data from anywhere with an internet connection. B It does not require an internet connection. C Data is only stored on one physical device. D It is always free of cost.
423 Which statement best describes the relationship between AI and Machine Learning (ML)? A AI is a subset of ML. B ML is a subset of AI. C AI and ML are completely separate fields. D AI is used for hardware, while ML is used for software.
424 In video games, the behavior of non-player characters (NPCs) is often controlled by: A The player's internet speed. B The computer's operating system. C Artificial Intelligence algorithms. D The graphics card memory.
425 The concept of renting computing resources like servers and storage over the internet instead of buying and maintaining them is a key feature of: A Artificial Intelligence B Machine Learning C Personal Computing D Cloud Computing
426 What is the primary goal of Artificial Intelligence (AI)? A To create machines that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence. B To design faster computer hardware. C To develop new programming languages. D To improve internet connectivity.
427 Machine Learning is a subset of AI that primarily focuses on which of the following? A Building physical robots for manufacturing. B Allowing systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. C Creating complex computer networks for data transfer. D Designing user-friendly graphical interfaces.
428 Which of the following is a real-world application of Machine Learning? A A calculator performing a mathematical calculation. B A word processor checking spelling using a fixed dictionary. C A spam filter in an email service that learns to identify new types of junk mail. D A web browser displaying a static webpage.
429 The area of AI that deals with creating systems that can understand and interpret human language is known as: A Computer Vision B Robotics C Expert Systems D Natural Language Processing (NLP)
430 Which field of AI is concerned with enabling computers to 'see' and process images, similar to human vision? A Computer Vision B Speech Recognition C Data Science D Expert Systems
431 An AI system designed to solve complex problems in a specific domain, like medical diagnosis, by using a knowledge base is known as a/an: A Neural Network B Expert System C Search Engine D Operating System
432 Virtual assistants like Siri and Google Assistant are practical applications of which key AI technology? A Computer Graphics B Database Management C Speech Recognition and NLP D Cybersecurity
433 Self-driving cars primarily use which combination of AI areas to navigate roads safely? A Natural Language Processing and Databases B Expert Systems and Cloud Computing C Speech Recognition and Game Playing D Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Sensors
434 What is the fundamental concept of Cloud Computing? A Delivering computing services like storage and software over the Internet. B Storing all data on a single personal computer. C Using a computer without an internet connection. D Building computer hardware components from scratch.
435 Which of the following is a major benefit of using cloud computing for a user or a company? A It requires users to manage and maintain their own physical servers. B It provides on-demand access to resources and can be more cost-effective. C It has very limited storage capacity compared to a personal computer. D It only works with one specific brand of computer.
436 Services like Google Drive, Dropbox, and Microsoft OneDrive are examples of which type of cloud service model? A Platform as a Service (PaaS) B Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) C Software as a Service (SaaS) D Hardware as a Service (HaaS)
437 In e-commerce, AI is commonly used to provide personalized product recommendations to users. This is an application of: A Robotics B Computer Graphics C Cybersecurity D Machine Learning
438 Machine Learning, a subset of AI, is primarily focused on: A Algorithms that allow computers to learn from data without being explicitly programmed. B Designing the physical components of a computer. C Securing computer networks from viruses. D Creating graphical user interfaces for software.
439 Which of the following best describes Artificial Intelligence (AI)? A The ability of a computer to store large amounts of data. B The science of making machines that can think and act like humans. C The process of creating websites and mobile applications. D The study of computer hardware components.
440 The area of AI that enables computers to understand and interpret human language is known as: A Computer Vision B Robotics C Natural Language Processing (NLP) D Expert Systems
441 Which technology allows services like Google Drive and Dropbox to store your files on the internet? A Artificial Intelligence B Machine Learning C Bluetooth D Cloud Computing
442 Which of the following is a key advantage of using cloud computing? A Accessibility of data from any device with an internet connection. B It does not require an internet connection to work. C It makes your computer run physically faster. D All cloud services are completely free of cost.
443 An example of a common application of AI in daily life is: A A simple calculator application. B A virtual assistant like Siri or Google Assistant. C A word processing software like Microsoft Word. D An operating system like Windows.
444 Which of the following is a type of malicious software that replicates itself by attaching to another program? A Trojan Horse B Virus C Spyware D Adware
445 What legal protection is granted to the creator of an original literary or artistic work, such as a book or a song? A Patent B Trademark C Copyright D Trade Secret
446 What is the term for false information that is spread deliberately with the intent to deceive people? A Misinformation B Satire C Mal-information D Disinformation
447 To prevent eye strain and fatigue while using a computer for long periods, what is the recommended practice? A The 20-20-20 rule B Keeping the screen brightness at maximum C Sitting very close to the screen D Using the computer in a completely dark room
448 Which law in Pakistan specifically deals with electronic crimes, cyber-terrorism, and the protection of electronic data? A Copyright Ordinance, 1962 B Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA), 2016 C The Patents Ordinance, 2000 D Trade Marks Ordinance, 2001
449 Which of the following is a significant risk associated with sharing excessive personal information on social networking sites? A Receiving more friend requests B Getting more likes on posts C Identity theft and fraud D Faster internet connection speed
450 Using a commercial software application without paying for its license is an illegal practice known as: A Freeware usage B Shareware trial C Open Sourcing D Software Piracy
451 What is the practice of sending deceptive emails that appear to be from reputable companies to trick individuals into revealing personal information, such as passwords and credit card numbers? A Phishing B Spamming C Trolling D Clickjacking
452 Requiring a user to enter a complex password and a unique code from their phone (two-factor authentication) is an example of a trade-off between: A Cost and Performance B Usability and Security C Privacy and Cost D Speed and Storage
453 The concept of a global network of interconnected physical devices, vehicles, and home appliances that collect and share data is known as: A Cloud Computing B Artificial Intelligence C Internet of Things (IoT) D Big Data
454 A unique symbol, word, or logo legally registered to represent a company or product is called a: A Copyright B Patent C Trade Secret D Trademark
455 What is the term for the study of designing equipment and devices that fit the human body to improve efficiency, safety, and comfort? A Ergonomics B Economics C Logistics D Robotics
456 The unauthorized copying, distribution, or use of copyrighted software is known as: A Hacking B Software Piracy C Phishing D Cracking
457 Which of the following is a legal protection for an invention, such as a new machine or process? A Copyright B Trademark C Patent D Trade Secret
458 A type of malicious software that locks a user's files and demands a payment to restore access is called: A Spyware B Adware C Virus D Ransomware
459 What is the study of designing equipment and devices to fit the human body and its movements to improve safety and comfort? A Ergonomics B Economics C Ecology D Electronics
460 Which of the following is the most effective way to verify the authenticity of a news story found online? A If the headline is sensational B If many people have shared it C Checking the information from multiple reliable sources D If the article includes many images
461 The gap between individuals and communities that have access to information technologies and those that do not is known as the: A Generation Gap B Information Barrier C Technology Gap D Digital Divide
462 The fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information like passwords or credit card details by disguising as a trustworthy entity in an email is called: A Phishing B Spamming C Trolling D Spoofing
463 The act of repeatedly harming or harassing other people in an online environment is called: A Spamming B Cyberbullying C Trolling D Hacking
464 Requiring a user to enter a complex password and a one-time code from their phone to log in is an example of a trade-off primarily between: A Cost and performance B Privacy and storage C Speed and accuracy D Security and usability
465 Which computing innovation refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, and other items embedded with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet? A Artificial Intelligence (AI) B Internet of Things (IoT) C Cloud Computing D Virtual Reality (VR)
466 A symbol, word, or words legally registered to represent a company or product is known as a: A Patent B Copyright C Trademark D License
467 Which of the following is a key aspect of responsible hardware use? A Proper disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) B Using pirated software on the hardware C Leaving the computer on 24/7 D Downloading files from untrusted sources
468 What is a type of malicious software that disguises itself as legitimate software to trick users into installing it? A Spyware B Adware C Worm D Trojan Horse
469 What legal protection is granted to the creator of an original literary or artistic work, such as a book or a song? A Copyright B Patent C Trademark D Trade Secret
470 The deliberate creation and sharing of false information with the intent to harm or mislead is known as: A Misinformation B Satire C Disinformation D Mal-information
471 Which law in Pakistan specifically deals with cybercrimes like unauthorized access to data and electronic fraud? A Copyright Ordinance, 1962 B Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA), 2016 C The Patents Ordinance, 2000 D Electronic Transaction Ordinance, 2002
472 Which of the following is a primary risk of oversharing personal information on social networking sites? A Receiving more friend requests B Getting more likes on posts C Identity theft and fraud D Improved social status
473 When a system requires a complex password and two-factor authentication, it increases security but may decrease: A Privacy B Usability C Reliability D Cost
474 An individual who creates a new business, bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards, is known as a(n): A Entrepreneur B Manager C Employee D Investor
475 Which of the following is a key characteristic often associated with successful entrepreneurs? A Risk aversion B Innovation and creativity C Preference for a fixed schedule D Dependence on others for decisions
476 In the context of production costs, how is the Total Cost calculated? A Fixed Costs - Variable Costs B Fixed Costs × Variable Costs C Fixed Costs + Variable Costs D Fixed Costs / Variable Costs
477 What is the primary purpose of writing a business plan? A To design the company logo B To register the business with the government C To hire the first employee D To outline business goals and how to achieve them
478 Which type of cost remains the same regardless of the number of goods produced, such as monthly rent for a factory? A Fixed Cost B Variable Cost C Total Cost D Marginal Cost
479 Which section of a business plan provides a brief, high-level overview of the entire document? A Market Analysis B Executive Summary C Financial Plan D Appendix
480 What is a significant advantage of being your own boss? A Guaranteed income from the first day B Fixed working hours (9 am to 5 pm) C Flexibility and control over business decisions D Absence of any financial risk
481 The 'break-even point' is reached when a business's total revenue is equal to its: A Fixed Costs B Variable Costs C Profit D Total Costs
482 Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of entrepreneurship? A Long working hours and high stress levels B Limited opportunity for innovation C Lack of decision-making authority D Low potential for financial gain
483 For a software development company, the cost of electricity that increases with more computers running is an example of a: A Fixed Cost B Variable Cost C Sunk Cost D Startup Cost
484 The part of the business plan that identifies the target customers, market size, and competitors is the: A Financial Plan B Operations Plan C Market Analysis D Executive Summary
485 Which part of the business plan details the projected income, expenses, and profitability of the business? A Company Description B Marketing Strategy C Management Team D Financial Plan
486 A person who sets up a business, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit, is called a/an: A Manager B Employee C Entrepreneur D Shareholder
487 Which of the following is an example of a fixed cost for a software development company? A Electricity bill based on usage B Monthly rent for the office space C Cost of CDs for software distribution D Sales commissions
488 What is the primary document that outlines a new business's goals, strategies, and financial forecasts? A Marketing Brochure B Employee Handbook C Annual Report D Business Plan
489 Which characteristic is most crucial for an entrepreneur facing challenges and setbacks? A Persistence B Caution C Delegation D Compliance
490 Costs that change directly with the level of production, such as raw materials, are known as: A Fixed Costs B Total Costs C Variable Costs D Sunk Costs
491 Which section of a business plan provides a short, compelling overview of the entire plan? A Financial Plan B Executive Summary C Appendix D Market Analysis
492 What is a major advantage of being your own boss as an entrepreneur? A Guaranteed income B Fewer working hours C Autonomy and control over decisions D Absence of risk
493 The point at which a business's total revenues equal its total costs is called the: A Profit Point B Saturation Point C Loss Point D Break-even Point
494 A company's purpose, objectives, and how it plans to achieve them are formally stated in its: A Mission Statement B Vision Statement C Financial Statement D Marketing Slogan
495 One of the significant disadvantages of entrepreneurship is: A Lack of creative freedom B Financial instability and risk of failure C Limited learning opportunities D Having to follow orders from a superior
496 How is the Total Cost of Production calculated? A Fixed Costs - Variable Costs B Revenue - Profit C Fixed Costs × Number of Units D Fixed Costs + Variable Costs
497 The part of the business plan that identifies your target customers and competitors is the: A Market Analysis B Operational Plan C Management Team Description D Financial Projections
498 Which of the following is a key advantage of being an entrepreneur? A Guaranteed high salary B Independence in decision-making C Fixed working hours D No financial risk
499 In a business, what does the term 'fixed cost' refer to? A Costs that change every day B The price of raw materials C Expenses that remain constant regardless of production level D The cost of shipping products to customers
500 Which section of a business plan provides a brief overview of the entire document and highlights the key points? A Executive Summary B Marketing Plan C Financial Projections D Company Description
501 The costs that change directly with the amount of a product being made are known as: A Fixed Costs B Sunk Costs C Total Costs D Variable Costs
502 What is the primary purpose of conducting a market analysis in a business plan? A To calculate the total fixed costs B To identify the target audience and understand competitors C To hire new employees for the company D To design the company's logo and branding
503 Which term best describes the process of designing, launching, and running a new business venture? A Management B Marketing C Entrepreneurship D Accounting