1 Which test identifies functional groups by reactions? A Qualitative analysis B Quantitative analysis C Volumetric analysis D Gravimetric analysis
2 Which principle is the basis of chromatography? A Difference in solubility B Difference in melting point C Difference in colour only D Difference in density
3 What does a single spot on chromatogram indicate? A Mixture B Impure substance C Pure substance D Solvent only
4 Which factor does NOT affect Rf value? A Type of solvent B Stationary phase C Temperature D Shape of container
6 What acts as stationary phase in paper chromatography? A Water trapped in paper fibers B Ink C Solvent D Air
7 In thin-layer chromatography, the stationary phase is usually: A Paper B Water C Silica gel or alumina D Alcohol
8 Which observation confirms ammonium ion? A Pop sound B White precipitate C Pungent smell of ammonia D Green flame
9 Why lid is closed during chromatography? A To avoid evaporation of solvent B To heat the solvent C To add pressure D To add air
10 Chromatography is useful in forensic science for: A Burning samples B Identifying substances C Mixing samples D Neutralization
11 Which analysis identifies ions present in a compound? A Qualitative analysis B Quantitative analysis C Thermal analysis D Volumetric analysis
12 If two substances have same Rf value, it means they are: A Definitely identical B Completely different C Likely to be similar D Unstable
13 Rf value is calculated by: A Distance moved by solvent / distance moved by solute B Distance moved by solute / distance moved by solvent C Time / distance D Mass / volume
15 What is chromatography mainly used for? A Mixing substances B Separating components of a mixture C Heating substances D Measuring temperature
16 Which reagent is used to identify ammonium ion? A Silver nitrate B Sodium hydroxide C Barium chloride D Dilute acid
27 What is a chromatogram? A A type of solvent B The separated pattern of components C The stationary phase D The mobile phase
28 Which application uses chromatography in medicine? A Identifying drugs B Measuring pulse C Blood pressure check D X-ray
30 Why is the baseline drawn in pencil? A Ink dissolves in solvent B Pencil dissolves C Ink is colourless D Pencil is darker