1 In which transmission mode can data flow in only one direction at a time? A Simplex B Half-Duplex C Full-Duplex D Duplex
2 In audio storage, what does sampling refer to? A Converting sound to digital values at regular intervals B Storing images as pixels C Compressing video frames D Encoding text characters
3 What does UTF-8 use to encode characters? A 1 byte for all characters B 2 bytes for all characters C 1 to 4 bytes per character D 4 bytes for all characters
4 Which of the following is an example of application software? A Linux B Device driver C MS Excel D Disk cleanup
5 What is the purpose of establishing a plan of action in troubleshooting? A To resolve the problem systematically B To ignore the problem C To increase the problem D To delay the solution
6 In binary encoding of integers, what does the term 'two's complement' primarily represent? A Positive numbers only B Negative numbers and zero C Real numbers D Text characters
7 Which of the following is NOT a system software? A Operating system B Utility program C Device driver D MS Excel
9 Which logic gate is used to implement the Boolean expression Y = A · B? A OR gate B AND gate C NOT gate D XOR gate
10 Which of the following is a component of data communication? A Protocol B Topology C Firewall D Encryption
11 Which gate is used to produce the sum output in a half-adder? A AND gate B OR gate C XOR gate D NAND gate
12 Which network topology connects all devices to a single central cable? A Star topology B Ring topology C Bus topology D Mesh topology
13 What is a recommended data backup method? A Storing all data on the same hard drive B Using cloud storage or external drives C Never creating backups D Keeping only one copy of important files
14 What does the term 'Internet' refer to? A A single computer network B A global system of interconnected computer networks C A type of software D A programming language
15 Which Boolean law is represented by A + AB = A? A Commutative law B Absorption law C De Morgan's law D Associative law
16 What is a good practice before shutting down a computer at the end of the day? A Save work and close open programs properly B Pull the power plug out suddenly C Leave many programs open forever D Delete the operating system files
17 Which OSI model layer is responsible for routing packets between networks? A Data Link Layer B Network Layer C Transport Layer D Session Layer
18 Which practice helps in ensuring data integrity? A Regular backups and updates B Deleting system files C Using weak passwords D Disabling all security software
19 Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing packets between networks? A Physical layer B Data link layer C Network layer D Transport layer
20 In which transmission mode can data flow in both directions but only one at a time? A Simplex B Half-duplex C Full-duplex D Broadcast
21 Which binary operation is equivalent to subtraction? A Adding the two's complement B Multiplying by 2 C Shifting left D Taking the one's complement
22 In a ring topology, how is data transmitted? A From one device to all devices simultaneously B In one direction around the ring C Only between adjacent devices in both directions D Through a central hub
23 Which of the following is an example of a file compression tool? A WinZip B MS Word C Windows D Adobe Photoshop
24 Which of the following is a type of software? A System software B Application software C Both A and B D None of the above
25 In the context of systems, what does 'communication' refer to? A The exchange of information between components or with the environment B The physical parts of the system C The goal of the system D The feedback loop